# What We Publish

Etchd publishes everything a reader needs to check a tick without us. Your data stays out of it. Users appear only as hashes, because a stamp request carries one hash and no file ([What You Send Us](https://etchd.app/docs/stamping#users) on the Stamping page). Each witness capture goes out with its normalized form and both hashes. Machine captures also carry the raw response we fetched. News feeds keep only capped metadata, and since 2026-10-23 their raw feed is hashed but not stored or published.

Four places, from most public to least. Ethereum Classic holds 40 bytes per anchor. The API and the daily CAR hold the calendar's own records and every witness capture with its normalized form, plus the raw response for machine sources. News feeds since 2026-10-23 keep metadata only and their raw feed is hashed but not kept. On a publisher's request we remove a stored raw copy, and the hash and proofs stay valid. Your file and raw digest stay with you.

## Published Records

All of it is public. The API serves the calendar's own data and each witness capture with its normalized form, plus the raw body wherever we kept one, and the daily bundles carry the same.

| What | Where |
| --- | --- |
| Tick roots, tick summaries and their status | /v1/ticks, /v1/ticks/:n |
| The DAG-CBOR tick body, the exact bytes behind the CID | /v1/ticks/:n/body |
| One beacon observation with its path to the beacon root, and the raw block header for UTXO and EVM chains | /v1/ticks/:n/beacon/:chain |
| Anchor records, one per transaction with 400 confirmations | /v1/anchors/:epoch/:nonce |
| Witness captures with their hashes, metadata and Merkle path, and the normalized record for machine sources | /v1/captures/:id |
| The raw response body of a machine capture or a news capture from before 2026-10-23, the bytes behind its raw hash | /v1/captures/:id/raw |
| The normalized form of a capture, the bytes behind its normalized hash | /v1/captures/:id/normalized |
| Signer keys and their epochs | /v1/signers |
| Daily CAR bundles and single blocks by CID | /v1/exports, /ipfs/:cid |

## Witness Captures

Editorial sources are third-party writing, which today means Hacker News and the 80 news feeds listed under [News Feeds](https://etchd.app/docs/what-we-publish#news), while machine sources are the Certificate Transparency signed tree heads, the NIST Randomness Beacon pulses and the ECB reference rates. Machine captures publish their raw body. News captures from 2026-10-23 on keep the title, link, date and id of each item, with titles cut at 300 Unicode code points, links and ids at 500 and dates at 64, and at most 100 items, and the raw feed is hashed but not kept. News captures from before that date kept their raw feed and still serve it.

We fetch only feeds and APIs. Hacker News comes from its official API as JSON and the newspapers from their public RSS feeds, and we never fetch or publish an HTML page. A capture page lists the normalized items, meaning the headlines with links to the articles, plus Hacker News points and comment counts from the normalized record.

### News Feeds

Each feed is captured every two hours, at its own minute of the two hours, and no two feeds share a minute. The 80 outlets cover the major economies and regions, and where a country has both a state-run or public outlet and an independent one we take both, so a reader can compare how each covered the same hour. They come from 44 countries and are written in 24 languages.

| Region | Outlet | Country | Language | Feed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| North America | [The New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com) | United States | English | [nyt-front](https://etchd.app/sources/nyt-front) [RSS](https://rss.nytimes.com/services/xml/rss/nyt/HomePage.xml) |
| North America | [NPR News](https://www.npr.org) | United States | English | [npr-front](https://etchd.app/sources/npr-front) [RSS](https://feeds.npr.org/1001/rss.xml) |
| North America | [Global News](https://globalnews.ca) | Canada | English | [globalnews-front](https://etchd.app/sources/globalnews-front) [RSS](https://globalnews.ca/feed/) |
| Latin America | [El Universal](https://www.eluniversal.com.mx) | Mexico | Spanish español | [eluniversal-front](https://etchd.app/sources/eluniversal-front) [RSS](https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/arc/outboundfeeds/rss/?outputType=xml) |
| Latin America | [La Jornada](https://www.jornada.com.mx) | Mexico | Spanish español | [jornada-front](https://etchd.app/sources/jornada-front) [RSS](https://www.jornada.com.mx/rss/edicion.xml) |
| Latin America | [g1](https://g1.globo.com) | Brazil | Portuguese português | [g1-front](https://etchd.app/sources/g1-front) [RSS](https://g1.globo.com/rss/g1/) |
| Latin America | [Agência Brasil](https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br) | Brazil | Portuguese português | [agenciabrasil-front](https://etchd.app/sources/agenciabrasil-front) [RSS](https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/rss/ultimasnoticias/feed.xml) |
| Latin America | [Clarín](https://www.clarin.com) | Argentina | Spanish español | [clarin-front](https://etchd.app/sources/clarin-front) [RSS](https://www.clarin.com/rss/lo-ultimo/) |
| Latin America | [La Tercera](https://www.latercera.com) | Chile | Spanish español | [latercera-front](https://etchd.app/sources/latercera-front) [RSS](https://www.latercera.com/arc/outboundfeeds/rss/?outputType=xml) |
| Latin America | [El Tiempo](https://www.eltiempo.com) | Colombia | Spanish español | [eltiempo-front](https://etchd.app/sources/eltiempo-front) [RSS](https://www.eltiempo.com/rss/colombia.xml) |
| Europe | [BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news) | United Kingdom | English | [bbc-front](https://etchd.app/sources/bbc-front) [RSS](https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/rss.xml) |
| Europe | [The Guardian World](https://www.theguardian.com/world) | United Kingdom | English | [guardian-front](https://etchd.app/sources/guardian-front) [RSS](https://www.theguardian.com/world/rss) |
| Europe | [Le Monde](https://www.lemonde.fr) | France | French français | [lemonde-front](https://etchd.app/sources/lemonde-front) [RSS](https://www.lemonde.fr/rss/une.xml) |
| Europe | [France 24](https://www.france24.com/en/) | France | English | [france24-front](https://etchd.app/sources/france24-front) [RSS](https://www.france24.com/en/rss) |
| Europe | [Deutsche Welle](https://www.dw.com/en/) | Germany | English | [dw-front](https://etchd.app/sources/dw-front) [RSS](https://rss.dw.com/xml/rss-en-top) |
| Europe | [tagesschau](https://www.tagesschau.de) | Germany | German Deutsch | [tagesschau-front](https://etchd.app/sources/tagesschau-front) [RSS](https://www.tagesschau.de/index~rss2.xml) |
| Europe | [DER SPIEGEL](https://www.spiegel.de) | Germany | German Deutsch | [spiegel-front](https://etchd.app/sources/spiegel-front) [RSS](https://www.spiegel.de/schlagzeilen/index.rss) |
| Europe | [TASS](https://tass.ru) | Russia | Russian русский | [tass-front](https://etchd.app/sources/tass-front) [RSS](https://tass.ru/rss/v2.xml) |
| Europe | [Meduza](https://meduza.io) | Russia | Russian русский | [meduza-front](https://etchd.app/sources/meduza-front) [RSS](https://meduza.io/rss/all) |
| Europe | [The Kyiv Independent](https://kyivindependent.com) | Ukraine | English | [kyivindependent-front](https://etchd.app/sources/kyivindependent-front) [RSS](https://kyivindependent.com/news-archive/rss/) |
| Europe | [Ukrinform](https://www.ukrinform.net) | Ukraine | English | [ukrinform-front](https://etchd.app/sources/ukrinform-front) [RSS](https://www.ukrinform.net/rss/block-lastnews) |
| Europe | [Ukrainska Pravda](https://www.pravda.com.ua) | Ukraine | Ukrainian українська | [ukrpravda-front](https://etchd.app/sources/ukrpravda-front) [RSS](https://www.pravda.com.ua/rss/view_news/) |
| Europe | [Anadolu Agency](https://www.aa.com.tr/en) | Turkey | English | [anadolu-front](https://etchd.app/sources/anadolu-front) [RSS](https://www.aa.com.tr/en/rss/default?cat=guncel) |
| Europe | [bianet](https://bianet.org/english) | Turkey | English | [bianet-front](https://etchd.app/sources/bianet-front) [RSS](https://bianet.org/rss/english) |
| Europe | [Hürriyet](https://www.hurriyet.com.tr) | Turkey | Turkish Türkçe | [hurriyet-front](https://etchd.app/sources/hurriyet-front) [RSS](https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/rss/anasayfa) |
| Europe | [ANSA](https://www.ansa.it) | Italy | Italian italiano | [ansa-front](https://etchd.app/sources/ansa-front) [RSS](https://www.ansa.it/sito/ansait_rss.xml) |
| Europe | [NOS](https://nos.nl) | Netherlands | Dutch Nederlands | [nos-front](https://etchd.app/sources/nos-front) [RSS](https://feeds.nos.nl/nosnieuwsalgemeen) |
| Europe | [Polsat News](https://www.polsatnews.pl) | Poland | Polish polski | [polsatnews-front](https://etchd.app/sources/polsatnews-front) [RSS](https://www.polsatnews.pl/rss/wszystkie.xml) |
| Europe | [El País](https://elpais.com) | Spain | Spanish español | [elpais-front](https://etchd.app/sources/elpais-front) [RSS](https://feeds.elpais.com/mrss-s/pages/ep/site/elpais.com/portada) |
| Europe | [SVT Nyheter](https://www.svt.se) | Sweden | Swedish svenska | [svt-front](https://etchd.app/sources/svt-front) [RSS](https://www.svt.se/rss.xml) |
| Europe | [SRF News](https://www.srf.ch/news) | Switzerland | German Deutsch | [srf-front](https://etchd.app/sources/srf-front) [RSS](https://www.srf.ch/news/bnf/rss/1646) |
| Middle East | [Al Jazeera](https://www.aljazeera.com) | Qatar | English | [aljazeera-front](https://etchd.app/sources/aljazeera-front) [RSS](https://www.aljazeera.com/xml/rss/all.xml) |
| Middle East | [Al Jazeera Arabic](https://www.aljazeera.net) | Qatar | Arabic العربية | [aljazeera-ar-front](https://etchd.app/sources/aljazeera-ar-front) [RSS](https://www.aljazeera.net/aljazeerarss/a7c186be-1baa-4bd4-9d80-a84db769f779/73d0e1b4-532f-45ef-b135-bfdff8b8cab9) |
| Middle East | [Haaretz](https://www.haaretz.com) | Israel | English | [haaretz-front](https://etchd.app/sources/haaretz-front) [RSS](https://www.haaretz.com/srv/haaretz-latest-headlines) |
| Middle East | [Haaretz (Hebrew)](https://www.haaretz.co.il) | Israel | Hebrew עברית | [haaretz-he-front](https://etchd.app/sources/haaretz-he-front) [RSS](https://www.haaretz.co.il/srv/htz---all-articles) |
| Middle East | [ynet](https://www.ynet.co.il) | Israel | Hebrew עברית | [ynet-front](https://etchd.app/sources/ynet-front) [RSS](https://www.ynet.co.il/Integration/StoryRss2.xml) |
| Middle East | [Press TV](https://www.presstv.ir) | Iran | English | [presstv-front](https://etchd.app/sources/presstv-front) [RSS](https://www.presstv.ir/rss.xml) |
| Middle East | [BBC Persian](https://www.bbc.com/persian) | Iran | Persian فارسی | [bbcpersian-front](https://etchd.app/sources/bbcpersian-front) [RSS](https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/persian/rss.xml) |
| Middle East | [Asharq Al-Awsat](https://aawsat.com) | Saudi Arabia | Arabic العربية | [aawsat-front](https://etchd.app/sources/aawsat-front) [RSS](https://aawsat.com/feed) |
| Middle East | [Okaz](https://www.okaz.com.sa) | Saudi Arabia | Arabic العربية | [okaz-front](https://etchd.app/sources/okaz-front) [RSS](https://www.okaz.com.sa/rssFeed/0) |
| Middle East | [Saudi Gazette](https://saudigazette.com.sa) | Saudi Arabia | English | [saudigazette-front](https://etchd.app/sources/saudigazette-front) [RSS](https://saudigazette.com.sa/rssFeed/74) |
| Middle East | [The National](https://www.thenationalnews.com) | United Arab Emirates | English | [thenational-front](https://etchd.app/sources/thenational-front) [RSS](https://www.thenationalnews.com/arc/outboundfeeds/rss/?outputType=xml) |
| Africa | [News24](https://www.news24.com) | South Africa | English | [news24-front](https://etchd.app/sources/news24-front) [RSS](https://feeds.capi24.com/v1/Search/articles/news24/TopStories/rss) |
| Africa | [Daily Maverick](https://www.dailymaverick.co.za) | South Africa | English | [dailymaverick-front](https://etchd.app/sources/dailymaverick-front) [RSS](https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/dmrss/) |
| Africa | [Premium Times](https://www.premiumtimesng.com) | Nigeria | English | [premiumtimes-front](https://etchd.app/sources/premiumtimes-front) [RSS](https://www.premiumtimesng.com/feed) |
| Africa | [AllAfrica](https://allafrica.com) | Pan-African | English | [allafrica-front](https://etchd.app/sources/allafrica-front) [RSS](https://allafrica.com/tools/headlines/rdf/latest/headlines.rdf) |
| Africa | [Al-Masry Al-Youm](https://www.almasryalyoum.com) | Egypt | Arabic العربية | [almasryalyoum-front](https://etchd.app/sources/almasryalyoum-front) [RSS](https://www.almasryalyoum.com/rss/rssfeed) |
| Africa | [Fana Media Corporation](https://www.fanamc.com/english/) | Ethiopia | English | [fana-front](https://etchd.app/sources/fana-front) [RSS](https://www.fanamc.com/english/feed/) |
| Africa | [Nation](https://nation.africa/kenya) | Kenya | English | [nation-front](https://etchd.app/sources/nation-front) [RSS](https://nation.africa/kenya/rss.xml) |
| Asia | [South China Morning Post](https://www.scmp.com) | Hong Kong | English | [scmp-front](https://etchd.app/sources/scmp-front) [RSS](https://www.scmp.com/rss/91/feed/) |
| Asia | [The Times of India](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com) | India | English | [timesofindia-front](https://etchd.app/sources/timesofindia-front) [RSS](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/rssfeedstopstories.cms) |
| Asia | [The Hindu](https://www.thehindu.com) | India | English | [hindu-front](https://etchd.app/sources/hindu-front) [RSS](https://www.thehindu.com/news/feeder/default.rss) |
| Asia | [Amar Ujala](https://www.amarujala.com) | India | Hindi हिन्दी | [amarujala-front](https://etchd.app/sources/amarujala-front) [RSS](https://www.amarujala.com/rss/breaking-news.xml) |
| Asia | [Dainik Bhaskar](https://www.bhaskar.com) | India | Hindi हिन्दी | [bhaskar-front](https://etchd.app/sources/bhaskar-front) [RSS](https://www.bhaskar.com/rss-v1--category-1061.xml) |
| Asia | [CGTN](https://www.cgtn.com) | China | English | [cgtn-front](https://etchd.app/sources/cgtn-front) [RSS](https://www.cgtn.com/subscribe/rss/section/world.xml) |
| Asia | [Global Times](https://www.globaltimes.cn) | China | English | [globaltimes-front](https://etchd.app/sources/globaltimes-front) [RSS](https://www.globaltimes.cn/rss/outbrain.xml) |
| Asia | [China News Service](https://www.chinanews.com.cn) | China | Chinese 中文 | [chinanews-front](https://etchd.app/sources/chinanews-front) [RSS](https://www.chinanews.com.cn/rss/scroll-news.xml) |
| Asia | [RTHK (Chinese)](https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/ch/) | Hong Kong | Chinese 中文 | [rthk-zh-front](https://etchd.app/sources/rthk-zh-front) [RSS](https://rthk.hk/rthk/news/rss/c_expressnews_clocal.xml) |
| Asia | [NHK News](https://news.web.nhk) | Japan | Japanese 日本語 | [nhk-front](https://etchd.app/sources/nhk-front) [RSS](https://www.nhk.or.jp/rss/news/cat0.xml) |
| Asia | [Kyodo News](https://english.kyodonews.net) | Japan | English | [kyodo-front](https://etchd.app/sources/kyodo-front) [RSS](https://english.kyodonews.net/rss/kyodonews-fzone.xml) |
| Asia | [The Japan Times](https://www.japantimes.co.jp) | Japan | English | [japantimes-front](https://etchd.app/sources/japantimes-front) [RSS](https://www.japantimes.co.jp/feed/) |
| Asia | [Yonhap News Agency](https://en.yna.co.kr) | South Korea | English | [yonhap-front](https://etchd.app/sources/yonhap-front) [RSS](https://en.yna.co.kr/RSS/news.xml) |
| Asia | [The Hankyoreh](https://www.hani.co.kr) | South Korea | Korean 한국어 | [hankyoreh-front](https://etchd.app/sources/hankyoreh-front) [RSS](https://www.hani.co.kr/rss/) |
| Asia | [Focus Taiwan (CNA)](https://focustaiwan.tw) | Taiwan | English | [cna-front](https://etchd.app/sources/cna-front) [RSS](https://feeds.feedburner.com/rsscna/engnews) |
| Asia | [Taipei Times](https://www.taipeitimes.com) | Taiwan | English | [taipeitimes-front](https://etchd.app/sources/taipeitimes-front) [RSS](https://www.taipeitimes.com/xml/index.rss) |
| Asia | [CNA Chinese](https://www.cna.com.tw) | Taiwan | Chinese 中文 | [cna-zh-front](https://etchd.app/sources/cna-zh-front) [RSS](https://feeds.feedburner.com/rsscna/politics) |
| Asia | [Liberty Times](https://news.ltn.com.tw) | Taiwan | Chinese 中文 | [ltn-front](https://etchd.app/sources/ltn-front) [RSS](https://news.ltn.com.tw/rss/all.xml) |
| Asia | [Antara](https://en.antaranews.com) | Indonesia | English | [antara-front](https://etchd.app/sources/antara-front) [RSS](https://en.antaranews.com/rss/news.xml) |
| Asia | [CNN Indonesia](https://www.cnnindonesia.com) | Indonesia | Indonesian Indonesia | [cnnindonesia-front](https://etchd.app/sources/cnnindonesia-front) [RSS](https://www.cnnindonesia.com/rss) |
| Asia | [Prothom Alo](https://www.prothomalo.com) | Bangladesh | Bangla বাংলা | [prothomalo-front](https://etchd.app/sources/prothomalo-front) [RSS](https://www.prothomalo.com/stories.rss) |
| Asia | [Tengrinews](https://tengrinews.kz) | Kazakhstan | Russian русский | [tengrinews-front](https://etchd.app/sources/tengrinews-front) [RSS](https://tengrinews.kz/news.rss) |
| Asia | [Daily Jang](https://jang.com.pk) | Pakistan | Urdu اردو | [jang-front](https://etchd.app/sources/jang-front) [RSS](https://jang.com.pk/rss/1/1) |
| Asia | [Dawn](https://www.dawn.com) | Pakistan | English | [dawn-front](https://etchd.app/sources/dawn-front) [RSS](https://www.dawn.com/feeds/home) |
| Asia | [CNA (Singapore)](https://www.channelnewsasia.com) | Singapore | English | [channelnewsasia-front](https://etchd.app/sources/channelnewsasia-front) [RSS](https://www.channelnewsasia.com/api/v1/rss-outbound-feed?_format=xml) |
| Asia | [Bangkok Post](https://www.bangkokpost.com) | Thailand | English | [bangkokpost-front](https://etchd.app/sources/bangkokpost-front) [RSS](https://www.bangkokpost.com/rss/data/topstories.xml) |
| Asia | [Matichon](https://www.matichon.co.th) | Thailand | Thai ไทย | [matichon-front](https://etchd.app/sources/matichon-front) [RSS](https://www.matichon.co.th/feed) |
| Asia | [VnExpress](https://vnexpress.net) | Vietnam | Vietnamese Tiếng Việt | [vnexpress-front](https://etchd.app/sources/vnexpress-front) [RSS](https://vnexpress.net/rss/thoi-su.rss) |
| Oceania | [ABC News (Australia)](https://www.abc.net.au/news) | Australia | English | [abc-front](https://etchd.app/sources/abc-front) [RSS](https://www.abc.net.au/news/feed/45910/rss.xml) |
| Oceania | [The Sydney Morning Herald](https://www.smh.com.au) | Australia | English | [smh-front](https://etchd.app/sources/smh-front) [RSS](https://www.smh.com.au/rss/feed.xml) |
| Oceania | [RNZ](https://www.rnz.co.nz) | New Zealand | English | [rnz-front](https://etchd.app/sources/rnz-front) [RSS](https://www.rnz.co.nz/rss/top.xml) |

The raw route returns the body exactly as we fetched it, served as a download with `application/octet-stream`, `nosniff` and a sandbox content security policy so that a browser never renders it as a page from etchd.app. For a news capture from 2026-10-23 on it answers 404 with the reason `not-kept`. The daily CAR bundles carry the same normalized bytes, and the raw bytes wherever we kept them. If a publisher asks, we remove a stored raw copy. The hash and proofs stay valid.

Open a capture from the [Witnesses](https://etchd.app/) on the Live page and the browser hashes the normalized bytes against the normalized hash. Where we kept the raw bytes it also hashes them against the raw hash, then runs the published normalizer on them and checks that the result gives the normalized hash, following the rules in [Normalizers](https://github.com/classix-dev/etchd/blob/main/SPEC.md#normalizers) in SPEC.md. For a news capture from 2026-10-23 on, the page says the raw feed was hashed but not kept and skips those two checks. A copy of the feed you saved yourself at that moment still covers them. Check Your Copy hashes it against the raw hash and normalizes it to compare with the normalized hash, all in your browser.

## Other Posts to the Contract

The anchor contract is a [public noticeboard](https://etchd.app/docs/anchor#noticeboard). Anyone can post to it. Our explorer and API read only the calendar's own tables, the ticks it sealed and the transactions its signer sent, and never the contract's event log, which means a post to the contract from someone else does not show up on etchd.app as a tick, a transaction or a proof.